| 1 |
Expand molecular and genomic testing |
Use nucleic-acid amplification, sequencing, and targeted genetic analysis to identify pathogens, inherited variants, tumor alterations, and treatment-relevant biomarkers. |
Established and expanding |
More multiplex panels, broader sequencing coverage, and improved interpretation of variants that currently have uncertain clinical significance. |
Analytical sensitivity, analytical specificity, limit of detection, coverage depth, reportable variants, and result turnaround time. |
Requires validated reference materials, contamination control, standardized interpretation, genetic counseling when appropriate, and secure handling of genomic data. |
| 2 |
Prioritize point-of-care and decentralized testing |
Perform diagnostic testing near the patient rather than sending every specimen to a centralized laboratory. |
Widely used for selected tests |
Smaller instruments, integrated sample preparation, multiplex detection, and connectivity that can support testing in clinics, pharmacies, emergency settings, and remote areas. |
Time to result, invalid-test rate, operator error rate, agreement with laboratory reference methods, and availability of quality controls. |
Devices must be simple to operate, regularly quality-checked, appropriately regulated, and linked to clinical workflows without encouraging unnecessary testing. |
| 3 |
Use artificial intelligence with human oversight |
Apply machine-learning methods to medical images, digital pathology, physiologic signals, laboratory results, and risk prediction. |
Clinically useful in selected applications |
Better multimodal models that combine imaging, laboratory, clinical, and longitudinal data while providing interpretable outputs and calibrated uncertainty. |
Sensitivity, specificity, area under the ROC curve, calibration, false-alert rate, subgroup performance, and prospective clinical impact. |
Models need representative training data, external validation, monitoring for performance drift, transparent documentation, and a qualified professional responsible for the final interpretation. |
| 4 |
Develop minimally invasive and liquid-biopsy methods |
Analyze blood or other accessible body fluids for circulating tumor DNA, cells, proteins, metabolites, or infectious biomarkers. |
Promising with condition-specific use |
Higher analytical sensitivity for low-abundance signals, combined biomarker panels, and better evidence for screening, treatment selection, and monitoring. |
Positive and negative predictive values, false-positive rate, minimum detectable signal, sample stability, and clinical sensitivity at different disease stages. |
Clinical validation must show that a detected biomarker improves patient outcomes; analytical detection alone does not establish a screening or diagnostic benefit. |
| 5 |
Strengthen interoperability and data integration |
Connect instruments, electronic health records, laboratory information systems, imaging systems, and public-health reporting through structured data exchange. |
Essential but unevenly implemented |
Real-time result delivery, standardized terminology, automated quality alerts, longitudinal patient records, and privacy-preserving data exchange across care settings. |
Data completeness, transmission failure rate, result matching accuracy, time from verification to clinical availability, and auditability. |
Use common data standards, role-based access, encryption, clear governance, and validation of interfaces before clinical deployment. |
| 6 |
Design diagnostics for outbreak and antimicrobial-resistance surveillance |
Combine rapid pathogen detection, genomic characterization, susceptibility testing, and aggregated reporting to guide infection control and treatment decisions. |
High public-health value |
Faster multiplex detection, near-real-time genomic surveillance, decentralized resistance testing, and integration of clinical and environmental monitoring. |
Time from specimen collection to actionable result, resistance-marker accuracy, sequencing turnaround time, geographic coverage, and reporting completeness. |
Testing strategies should support responsible antimicrobial use, protect patient privacy, and maintain laboratory capacity during periods of increased demand. |
| 7 |
Make diagnostics equitable, sustainable, and clinically actionable |
Evaluate whether a test is accurate, affordable, accessible, environmentally responsible, and capable of improving a real clinical decision. |
A central requirement for future adoption |
Low-resource workflows, reusable or lower-waste components where safe, energy-efficient instruments, inclusive reference ranges, and decision-support linked to treatment pathways. |
Access by population and location, total cost per actionable result, health-outcome impact, waste volume, energy use, and performance across demographic groups. |
Adoption should consider the full diagnostic pathway: sample collection, transport, testing, interpretation, treatment access, follow-up, and patient communication. |